Shittu Abibat Omolasho
Edited by Kingsley Okon
Cervical cancer remains one of the most preventable yet deadly diseases affecting women globally, and female students are not exempt from its risks. Despite advancements in healthcare, lack of awareness, limited access to screening, and misinformation continue to make young women vulnerable. Understanding the causes, symptoms, prevention methods, and the importance of early screening is crucial in safeguarding the health of female students.
What is Cervical Cancer?
Cervical cancer occurs in the cells of the cervix, the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina. It is primarily caused by persistent infection with high-risk types of the Human Papillomavirus (HPV). HPV is a very common virus transmitted through sexual contact, and most sexually active individuals will encounter it at some point in their lives.
However, only high-risk strains, if untreated, can lead to cervical changes that may develop into cancer.
Why Female Students Are at Risk
Many female students fall within the age bracket where HPV exposure commonly occurs. Their vulnerability is often influenced by:
• Limited knowledge about sexual health and HPV transmission
• Inadequate access to regular medical check-ups
• Fear, stigma, or misconceptions surrounding cervical screening
• Peer pressure leading to early sexual activity without adequate protection
Lack of awareness is one of the greatest challenges, as many young women may not know when to get screened or how important vaccination is.
Common Symptoms
Cervical cancer in its early stages rarely shows clear symptoms. This is why regular screening (Pap smear) is essential. As the disease progresses, the following symptoms may appear:
• Unusual vaginal bleeding (after intercourse, between periods, or after menopause)
• Pelvic pain
• Pain during sexual intercourse
• Foul-smelling vaginal discharge
Any of these symptoms should be taken seriously and reported to a healthcare professional.
Prevention and Early Detection
Cervical cancer is one of the most preventable cancers when the right steps are taken. Key preventive measures include:
1. HPV Vaccination
The HPV vaccine is highly effective in preventing infections from the most dangerous HPV types. It is recommended for girls aged 9–26. For female students, taking the vaccine remains one of the best defenses.
2. Regular Screening
A Pap smear or HPV test can detect precancerous changes early. Female students aged 21 and above are encouraged to undergo screening every 3 years, or as recommended by a healthcare provider.
3. Safe Sexual Practices
Using condoms, avoiding multiple partners, and maintaining overall sexual health significantly reduce the risk of HPV transmission.
4. Health Education and Awareness
Schools, colleges, and student organizations should engage in awareness campaigns. Educating students about HPV, the importance of screening, and available medical services can save lives.
The Role of Institutions
Educational institutions play a vital role in shaping the health behavior of students. Health centers on campuses should:
• Provide accessible screening services
• Offer HPV vaccination programs
• Organize seminars and health talks
• Encourage female students to participate in regular check-ups
Such efforts promote a culture of early detection and prevention.
Cervical cancer should not be a silent killer among female students. With proper awareness, vaccination, regular screening, and supportive institutional policies, this disease can be prevented or detected early enough for effective treatment. Empowering students with the right information not only protects their health but strengthens the wellbeing of the entire academic community.